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| Low birth weight paradox ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Low birth-weight paradox
The low birth-weight paradox is an apparently paradoxical observation relating to the birth weights and mortality rate of children born to tobacco smoking mothers. Low birth-weight children born to smoking mothers have a ''lower'' infant mortality rate than the low birth weight children of non-smokers. It is an example of Simpson's paradox.
==History==
Traditionally, babies weighing less than a certain amount (which varies between countries) have been classified as having ''low birth weight''. In a given population, low birth weight babies have a significantly higher mortality rate than others; thus, populations with a higher rate of low birth weights typically also have higher rates of child mortality than other populations.
Based on prior research, the children of smoking mothers are more likely to be of low birth weight than children of non-smoking mothers. Thus, by extension the child mortality rate should be higher among children of smoking mothers. So it is a surprising real-world observation that low birth weight babies of smoking mothers have a lower child mortality than low birth weight babies of non-smokers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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